FIXAÇÃO DORSAL DE PATELA EM MUAR: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Abstract

pward Fixation of the Patella (UFP) is an important orthopedic disorder that affects the femorotibiopatellar joint of equids, directly impairing locomotion, functional performance, and animal welfare. Although widely described in horses, its occurrence in mules still presents a scarcity of scientific information, highlighting an important gap in the veterinary literature. In this context, the present study aimed to carry out a literature review on UFP in mules, addressing aspects related to species characterization, anatomy of the femorotibiopatellar joint, pathophysiology, clinical signs, diagnostic methods, therapeutic approaches, and prognosis of the disease. The methodology was based on a bibliographic survey of scientific articles, books, and specialized national and international journals published between 2004 and 2026, obtained from scientific databases in the field of veterinary medicine. The findings demonstrate that the disorder is associated with anatomical, biomechanical, nutritional, and management factors, and may occur intermittently or persistently. Diagnosis is mainly based on clinical examination and locomotion assessment, whereas treatment may involve conservative measures or surgical interventions, depending on the severity of the condition. It is concluded that UFP in mules requires further scientific investigation, considering the anatomical and functional particularities of the species, in order to contribute to the improvement of diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment, thereby promoting better quality of life and functional performance for these animals.